Mahabharata and Indian Management--03

Swami Bodhananda
in email responses

Sent: Friday, May 29, 2009 9:07:46 PM; Mon, 1 Jun 2009 10:11:59 -0400 & Tuesday, June 2, 2009 8:03:32 PM

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From: Swami Bodhananda Saraswati <swami_bodhananda@charter.net>
Friday, May 29, 2009 9:07:46 PM

Dear Narayanan,
My wish is to publish the book , Management in Mahabharata' by 2011 March. We will have release functions in Delhi, Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Kochi, Mumbai, Pune, Chandigarh and Hyderabad.

I think the 'Amrita mathan" motif would be fitting for the book. You may contrast it with the disastrous yagna of Daksha.

Vishnu lying on the couch of the serpent, assisted by a meager staff, cool and balanced, managing the affairs of the world, springing to action only in crisis situations could be the archetype manager/leader.
Swami Bodhananda.

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Date: Mon, 1 Jun 2009 10:11:59 -0400
From: Swami Bodhananda Saraswati <swami_bodhananda@charter.net>
To: Ramanathan Narayanan <narayanan.makham@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: story catalogue

Dear Narayanan,
Thank you for this mail. I am happy to know that you have made considerable and valuable progress. Congratulations! Please send me full text of those stories you find difficulty co-relating. Subramanian is a gold mine of stories. My salutations goes to Subramanian too.

Now some thoughts:
(1) Cyclical vs Linear: The whole of Indian wisdom is based on the cyclical concept of existence. Srishti-sthiti-laya: manifestation - maturation - unmanifestation - hibernation - manifestation. All phenomena go through this cycle. Total energy which constitute phenomena is given, only modification takes place, from one state to other. (Refer the law of conservation). Like day and night, like seasons, like plants.

The idea is that progress is not linear, after a certain stage of growth energy depletes and declines and death is inevitable. One plans for one's own death, or an organization plans for its obsolescence. Unlearning and relearning.

The western ideal of continuous uninterrupted linear growth is an idle dream and a myth. Cyclicality should not be mistaken for repetitiveness. Every new cycle brings new patterns and flavours. But that too shall end. This is called the creative play of existence/consciousness. The key idea is that nothing is permanent - all is 'maya'.

These changes happen in different time-scales in different orders of existence. What a mosquito takes six hours to complete a cycle, a human takes ninety years, a turtle three hundred years, a star nine billion years, the creation 15 billion years and so on. The same is true for the microworld of sub-atomic particles. The lesson is we have to be innovative, anticipate change, and ready to die so that memory lives and learning takes place.

Arjuna's gandhiva loses its power and was unable to protect the ladies in his care from Panchala desa thugs; Krishna was helpless in stopping Vrishnis/Yadava's drunken fights and eventual end; Rama lost Sita and Lakshmana and finally jumps into the Sarayu; Devas periodically lose battles with Asuras; the rise and fall of Pax Britanica; and ancient civilizations are shining examples for this cyclical principle.

(2) The fight between Krishna and Arjuna over Jayanta may be an instance of disruptive change.

The haughty Jayanta, the only son of Indra, drives his newly acquired flying horse in mind-boggling speed across the sky early in the morning. The exhausted horse frothed in its mouth and the saliva falls on Krishna who was performing sandhya-vandanam on the banks of Ganga. Krishna was appalled and vowed to get Jayanta's head before he completed sandhya-vandan.

Krishna chased Jayanta on mount garuda. The frightened jayanta ran to Indra, then, Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma who all pleaded helplessness. Finally on Narada's advise Jayanta approaches Arjuna and after getting prior promise of protection reveals identity of the threat.

Arjuna was in a quandary. Arjuna prepares to pay his valued friendship and even life to keep his promise. Arjuna met Krishna in fierce combat. The sun wouldn't rise because of fear of Krishna who had vowed that he will not complete his predawn sandhya-vandanam without taking Jayanta's head. On top of that the world was pierced with deadly arrows of Arjuna and Krishna.

Finally Trimurtis appeared with an innovative formula - asked Arjuna to keep his eyes shut, and they cut and offered Jayanta's head to Krishna to complete his prayers. Then the sun appeared. Then Trimurtis begged Krishna for Jayanta's severed head which Krishna happily gave back to Trimurtis which they fixed on Jayanta's torso and when Ajuna opened his eyes he was happy to see a beaming Jayanta.


(3) Story for complexity:

Arjuna was finding it tough with Karna. Yudhushtira unable to withstand Karna's blistering attacks withdrew from that day's battle. That night Yudhishtira in utter frustration and despair mocked Arjuna and even questioned his so called valour and prowess of his legendry gandiva. Arjuna had a vow that anybody ridiculing his gandiva must be put to death.

The infuriated Arjuna lunged onto Yudhishtira's jugular. Krishna was the witness. He has to protect the honor of Arjuna and the life of Yudhistira in real time.

A complex problem.
Krishna found an innovative solution.

First he pleaded both the parties to be calm and look for a win-win solution. The sastras say that insult is worse than killing. So Arjuna could fullfil his vow by severely insulting Yudhishtira; Which Arjuna found a satisfying solution and did .

But now there is another dilemma. The commission of killing one's elder brother incurs the punishment of instant death. Arjuna prepared to kill himself. Krishna interfered and said: 'self praise is equivalent to suicide' [ atma slaghanam is equalent to atma hatya]. Arjuna found it logical and culturally approved chastisement and indulged in self praise in the presence of elders. Thus Krishna found an intuitive, out of the box solution to a complex problem.

(4) Another story, see if you can fit in.

The King of Kasi, Yagna Deva, was a righteous ruler. He lived according to the sastras, performed yagnas, served bramhins, protected the weak and women and his country was prosperous. He had no external or internal enemies; there was timely rain, abundant crops, cows and milk, no infantile mortality or theft or murder - in all Yagna Deva was a ideal king and his subjects enjoyed unprecedented peace and prosperity.

But there was one problem. The king never accepted Shiva, the Patron Deity of Benares. Many sages advised the king that he should submit to Shiva and not to take credit for his good deeds. But Yagna Deva ignored all those counsels. Shiva was furious.

First Shiva sent Ganesha the Lord Of Obstacles to teach a lesson to the king by creating disaffection and disruption in the kingdom. But the noble Ganesha couldn't go beyond a limit. In spite of difficulties people stood by the king. Now Shiva was wild. He tore his matted hair and thrashed it on the ground and out emerged a deadly figure - Kalabhairava. 'Go and get this arrogant king' shouted Shiva. Kalabhairava roared and flashed in lightening speed. He recklessly pulled out and destroyed any this and any body that came on his way. He set fire on yagna salas and poured blood in sacrificial fire and dragged rishis by their beard - soon the people turned violently against the helpless king and killed him in a mass upraising.

Now the cost of this cultural revolution a la Mao or the Iraq invasion a la Bush.

The sin of destroying deliberately a good king came to chase Kalabhairava. He ran to Shiva for protection. But Shiva was nowhere to be seen. The Bhairava heard a disembodied voice: "You are responsible for messing up the mission. You alone have to pay the price."

(5) There are few more stories that come to mind, the story of Bhagiratha, of Satyavan and Savitri, Bhasmasura and Visvamitra related to Trisanku, Maneka and Vasishta.

Swami Bodhananda.

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From: Swami Bodhananda Saraswati <swami_bodhananda@charter.net>
Sent: Tuesday, June 2, 2009 8:03:32 PM

Dear Narayanan,
I feel that you also have to take Krishna, Yudhishtira and Abhimanyu for study in leadership.

Yudhishtira and Bhishma are perfect examples of rule based leadership, caught up in their vows, promises, moral postures, self doubt, lost in counting individual trees and lost sight of the forest, yet a beckon of standard for ethical behaviour. The only difference between them is that Bhishma is weighed down by his past, while Yudhishtira has less baggage.
Krishna is a study in creative leadership, flexible, always finding a way out of knotty situations. He has the big picture and has room for maneuver and is comfortable in all situations and with all people.

He is ready to play any role in the value chain and is detached from the fruits of his actions. He owns up responsibility for his actions [gladly submits to Gandhari's curse] and brave enough to pursue the truth of a matter [when accused of stealing syamantaka gem he goes out of his way to find out the truth].

He empowers people and a good team player, motivating Arjuna, Yudhishtira, Bhima and Kunti [ encourages her to meet Karna]to play strategic roles.

Abhimanyu is a study in heroism and courage, bold initiatives, start up venturing, but without much forethought or after thought and a B plan. An example of arrogance and innocence of inexperience.

Karna is a complex character with complexes and inner conflict and misguided by his unconscious ghosts. His lied his way to get what he wanted but finally the consequences caught up with him. A perfect study in the present day leadership, coming up from poor back grounds[ Ambanis and Lalus] and on their way up what they do come back to haunt them when they reach the top.

Drona is another character with deep psychological hang-ups. He had a weakness for his son because of the guilt about his inability to provide adequately when son was growing up. In the name of milk he gave his son rice-water. Drona had high ambitions, was super intelligent, from poor background he had to scramble his way up, ingratiating to rich and powerful. He had bad experience with Drupada. His energies were used up with his revenge for Drupada and guilt of not doing enough for his son.

Draupadi was the bravest of them all, intelligent, compassionate, seeking justice, balancing the egos of five powerful husbands through the ups and downs of life, winning the respect and love of Krishna she was behind the fateful decision to go for war. A perfect role model for feminine charm, courage, power, compassion and sense of justice. [Indra Nooyi says that the secret of her leadership success is empathy for the work force and camaraderie with top executives and their spouses].

SWAMI BODHANANDA